布基纳法索，原名上沃尔特共和国。1984年，时任该国领导人的托马斯·桑卡拉（Thomas Sankara）将国名改为“布基纳法索”，意为“正人君子之国”。

Burkina Faso was formerly known as the Republic of Upper Volta. In 1984, Thomas Sankara, who was the leader of the country at that time, changed the country's name to "Burkina Faso", which means "the land of upright men".

这位被称为“非洲的切·格瓦拉”的共产主义革命家，上任后致力于消除腐败和法国殖民影响，在农业、医疗、教育、法治、妇女解放等方面都提出了进步政策并认真推行。布基纳法索一度呈现一片欣欣向荣的景象。

The seminal thinker and change-maker Thomas Sankara, upon taking office, dedicated himself to eliminating corruption and the influence of French colonialism. He put forward and earnestly implemented progressive policies in various fields such as agriculture, healthcare, education, the rule of law, and women's liberation. Burkina Faso once presented a thriving scene.

然而1987年，桑卡拉在政变中被杀害，年仅37岁。领导政变的是他原本的盟友及挚友布莱斯·孔波雷（Blaise Compaoré）。孔波雷统治期间，布基纳法索的发展势头就此被打断，引发无数人叹息。时至今日，这个西非小国的历史上，没有任何一位领导人像桑卡拉一样被人反复提起。[1]

However, in 1987, Sankara was killed in a coup at the age of only 37. The coup was led by his former ally and close friend, Blaise Compaoré. During Compaoré's rule, the development momentum of Burkina Faso was interrupted, which led to countless sighs. To this day, in the history of this small West African country, no other leader has been mentioned as frequently as Sankara.

出生于布基纳法索的普利兹克奖得主弗朗西斯·凯雷（Francis Kéré），1985年离开祖国到柏林勤工俭学，此时正值桑卡拉领导布基纳法索时期，因此凯雷深知这位革命领袖在人们心中的地位。

Francis Kéré, a Pritzker Prize laureate born in Burkina Faso, left his motherland in 1985 to work and study in Berlin. This was precisely the period when Sankara was leading Burkina Faso, so Kéré was well aware of the status of this revolutionary leader in people's hearts.

当凯雷被要求在托马斯·桑卡拉被杀害的地方，为其建设纪念馆，他将如何设计？

When Kéré was asked to build a memorial for Thomas Sankara at the place where he was killed, how would he design it?

托马斯·桑卡拉纪念馆由一系列公共设施构成，包括位于其中央的一座纪念塔，一个多媒体图书馆，餐厅、工作室、商店、办公室以及其他多功能设施。

A number of public amenities make up the Memorial Thomas Sankara, including a tower at its centre, restaurants, ateliers, a media library, shops and offices alongside other multi-use facilities.

一条设有缓坡的绿色步道贯穿整个场地，游客可以沿着步道了解托马斯·桑卡拉在1983年领导的革命的理念和核心主题。

Weaving through the site is a green walkway with gentle ramps where visitors can discover the ideals and core themes of the 1983 revolution led by Thomas Sankara.

设计的总体目标是展现这场斗争背后所蕴含的人文主义和普世抱负。设计还希望强调，桑卡拉推动的普及教育、粮食自给自足以及妇女解放等主张，至今仍然是该国至关重要的议题。

The overarching objective is to illustrate the humanistic and universal ambitions that guided this struggle. Most importantly, Sankara’s push for universal education, food self-sufficiency and women’s emancipation, which are all key topics that remain relevant to this day.

事务所的设计说明中写道：纪念馆的设计方案反映着革命的发生。革命被理解为方向的改变和现状的转变，它也充满了模糊性。它既是必要的更新，也是破裂的暗示，有时是和平的，但往往是残酷的。

The design proposal for the memorial reflects the genesis of revolution. Understood as a change in direction and a shift in the status quo, revolution is also imbued with ambiguity. It is both renewal as necessity and the implication of rupture, sometimes peaceful, but often brutal.

纪念塔被特意设计为87米高，矗立在1987年桑卡拉及他的12位同道者被杀害的地点，建成后将成为布基纳法索首都的城市地标。纪念塔在瓦加杜古天际线中的位置，时刻提醒着人们桑卡拉的抗争态度、骄傲姿态和坚韧精神。

The 87 m tower in particular is to serve as an urban landmark for the Burkinabè capital, and stands on the site of the 1987 assassination of Sankara and his comrades. Its position in the Ouagadougou skyline serves as a reminder of Sankara’s breakaway attitude, proud posture and resilience.

枪击事件所在的建筑被保留，作为纪念馆的核心，建筑四周以水面环绕。这里营造出一个缅怀他们的区域，为纪念活动提供了一个宁静的环境。

The building where the attack took place is preserved as the heart of the memorial, surrounded by water. This creates an area to pay tribute to their memory and provides a quiet environment for remembrance.

游客可以通过一条螺旋坡道登上纪念塔楼。这条路径故意设计得又长又难，以呼吁人们不要畏惧变革之艰难。

Visitors are invited to climb the structure using a helicoidal ramp. The path is purposefully long and demanding, emulating the call not to fear the challenging road to change.

克服困难走完这条蜿蜒的路径后，游客将从一个独特的视角欣赏到整个城市的壮丽景色，那里还有一家餐厅，顶面形状呼应了布基纳法索的轮廓。

Tackling the winding route is rewarded with stunning views across the city from a unique vantage point, which also features a restaurant shaped as the contour of Burkina Faso.

悬挂式缆车舱为老年人和其他行动不便的人提供了登上塔顶的途径。

A suspended funicular cabin provides access to the summit for older people and other abled.

项目将建筑融入现有景观，同时将创新放在首位。纪念馆将成为瓦加杜古（布基纳法索首都）城市绿带发展计划中不可或缺的一部分，成为城市的“绿肺”。

The project takes a conciliatory attitude to this seeming discrepancy. The aim is the integration of a structure into an existing landscape while putting innovation at the fore. The memorial is to be an integral part of the Ouagadougou Green Belt urban development plan, acting as a green lung for the city.

这座创新且环保的公共景点在布基纳法索及其萨赫勒地区的邻国中独树一帜，将无差别地向所有人开放。

Unique in Burkina Faso and among its Sahelian neighbours, this innovative and green public attraction is to be open to all without distinction.

项目正在建设中，其第一阶段（陵墓）预计2025年上半年完工。

It was recently announced that the project’s first stage, the Mausoleum, is under construction with completion slated for the first half of 2025.

完整项目信息

Date: 2017 -
Site: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Size: 9,760 sqm
Client: CIM-TS (Comité International du Mémorial Thomas Sankara)
Lead Architect: Francis Kéré, Jeanne Autran-Edorh (bis 11/2021)
Design Team: Leonne Zoe-Vögelin, Andrea Maretto, Kinan Deeb, Jeanne Autran-Edorh, N’Faly Ismaël Camara, Roberto Rodríguez Martínez, Javier Mola Cárdenes
Contributors: Cloé Collet, Orsola Carraro, Maysha Mussonghora, Valentin Billhardt, Linda Heiß, Vincenzo Salierno, Nina Tescari

注：[1] 引自中国驻布基纳法索大使馆公众号文章。

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