设计单位  有限设计工作室

项目地址  广东韶关

竣工年份  2023年

建筑面积  34000平方米

本文文字由设计单位提供。

背景与初衷

Background and Intent

桂头镇湿地公园位于广东省韶关市乳源瑶族自治县桂头镇，是有限设计工作室在当地实践中的一次重要尝试。在本次与万科城市研究院合作的位于韶关市的城市设计过程中，我们注意到桂头镇武江边的一片自然湿地。

Guitou Town Wetland Park is located in Guitou Town, Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, and represents a significant endeavor by YXDesigners in the region. During the urban design collaboration with Vanke Urban Research Institute, we identified a natural wetland along the Wujiang River in Guitou Town.

这片湿地在洪泛季节常被淹没，土壤流失严重，难以进行农业开发，因而成为一片无人问津的“野地”。然而，正是这种“荒芜”让它保留了原生态的自然属性——茂密的本地植被、丰富的生物多样性，以及得天独厚的山水景观视野。我们通过与乳源县和桂头镇两级政府、万科集团（援建方）及万科城市研究院（设计管理方）的多次讨论，推动各方一致决定将这片湿地改造为一座湿地公园，旨在为当地居民提供一个与自然共生的公共空间。

This wetland is frequently submerged during flood seasons, with severe soil erosion making it unsuitable for agricultural development, thus lremaining an overlooked "wilderness."  However, this very "untamed" quality has preserved its pristine ecological attributes—dense native vegetation, rich biodiversity, and unparalleled vistas of mountainous and aquatic landscape.After multiple extensive discussions with the local governments of Ruyuan County and Guitou Town, Vanke Group (the funding entity), and Vanke Urban Research Institute (the design management team), we collectively resolved to to transform this wetland into a wetland park. The goal is to provide the local community with a public space that coexists harmoniously with nature.

▲ 项目视频  ©有限设计工作室

尽管在种种原因之下，最终官方将其命名为“桂头镇街文化公园”，但细想这一名称亦不违和——桂头镇村民世代与山川河流相依，这种人与自然的紧密关系本身就是一种广义的“文化”。湿地公园的设计，正是为了集中呈现这种生态文明之美，让那些被忽视的自然景观重新进入人们的视野，成为被探索、欣赏的对象。

Despite its official designation as "Guitou Town Cultural Park," the name resonates profoundly—generations of villagers here have coexisted with mountains and rivers, embodying a broader 'culture' rooted in human-nature interdependence. The design of the wetland park seeks to crystallize this ecological beauty, transforming neglected natural landscapes into focal points for exploration and appreciation.

场地改造策略

Site Transformation Strategies

桂头镇地处武江沿岸，春夏季节雨量充沛，洪水频繁，洪泛水位与常水位之间的高差可达4米。镇中心区域沿江筑起高堤以抵御洪水，虽然保护了土地，却也切断了人与水的联系，河岸的硬化更是导致滞洪缓冲区丧失与河道缩窄。因此，设计的核心挑战在于：如何与洪水共生，创造一个能够适应洪水变化的弹性公共空间，让自然的节奏能够为人们所感知。

Guitou Town lies along the Wujiang River, where abundant rainfall in spring and summer leads to frequent flooding, with water levels fluctuations by up to 4 meters between flood and normal conditions. To combat flooding, the town center has built high embankments along the river, which, while protecting the land, have severed the connection between people and water. The hardening of the riverbanks has also narrowed the river channel and eliminated flood buffer zones. Thus, the core challenge of the design lies in how to coexist with flooding, creating an adaptable public space that allows people to perceive the rhythms of nature.

我们首先对现状岸线进行了有限改造，保留了河漫滩的泄洪功能，并通过抛石加固防止水土流失。同时充分考虑洪水的周期性变化，设立适应不同水位的游憩系统，以耐冲刷、易维护的材料建造不同标高的栈道和园路。即使在洪水最高水位时，公园依然能够为人们提供服务。公园如同一把标尺丈量着自然，这种弹性设计不仅增强了场地的适应性，还让人们能更直观地感受到自然的动态变化。

Our primary intervention is to implement limited modifications to the existing shoreline, preserving the floodplain's natural flood discharge function while reinforcing it with riprap reinforcement to prevent soil erosion. Simultaneously, we establish a recreational system adaptable to varying water levels, using durable, low-maintenance materials to construct boardwalks and paths at different elevations. Even during peak flood conditions, the park remains fully operational. It acts as a living hydrometer, calibrating the pulse of natural water rhythms. This resilient design not only enhances the site's adaptability but also renders nature's rhythms legible to visitors.

与自然共生的人造物

Human-Made Structures in Harmony with Nature

入口建筑和小广场以低矮的姿态面向公路，而以开阔的状态面向自然。高架栈桥是为了让人们在洪泛季节依然能够使用公园。

The entrance complex and plaza adopt a humble silhouette toward the roadway, while strategically orienting expansive vistas toward the natural landscape. To maintain accessibility during flood seasons, an elevated boardwalk system was implemented.

栈桥面向武江展开，为游客提供开阔的视野，桥下的柱廊则提供了遮荫避雨的休憩空间。柱廊采用粗朴的石构语言，试图营造一种与自然共生的“遗迹感”，仿佛这些构筑物早已与自然融为一体。

Unfolding along the Wujiang River, the boardwalk provides panoramic views, with its underside colonnade functioning as a rain-sheltered promenade. The colonnade's textural stonework employs a deliberately crude tectonic language, evoking an archaeological sensibility of structures organically fused with the terrain—as if these elements had always coexisted with the riverine ecology.

栈桥上还延伸出三座形态各异的观景平台，灵感来自当地村民建造的吊脚楼。夜晚，栈桥化身为“星光桥”，桥面上镶嵌的发光石与夜空中的繁星交相辉映。

Three cantilevered observation decks, inspired by the stilt-house vernacular of local villages, extend from the primary walkway. At dusk, the boardwalk metamorphoses into a "Starlight Bridge," with its surface embedded with luminous inlays that choreograph a celestial interplay with the night sky.

整体形态上，我们尽量减少工程干预，保留原有的地形、生境和乡土植被，仅在场地中央挖掘三个浅坑作为雨洪滞留池。洪水退去或雨后，这些浅坑会形成雨水花园，孕育出半水生的野生植物群落。

Throughout the design, we prioritized minimal earthwork, preserving existing topographies, habitats, and native flora, with three strategic detention basins carved centrally.

上述设计手段均旨在减少人造物与自然的罅隙，使公园成为人与自然对话的媒介。

These basins transition into ephemeral wetland gardens following floods or storms, nurturing self-sustaining semi-aquatic plant communities.

丰富的活动与社区参与

Diverse Activities and Community Engagement

公园允许摩托车进入，游客可以直接骑行至栈桥的端头，欣赏风景。考虑到摩托车在镇上是最重要的交通工具，这个设计无疑激发了村民自由享受自然的兴致，在将享受自然融入日常的过程中，起到了关键的引导作用。武江原本就在那，但这些风景却可能是第一次落入村民的眼里。

The park grants motorcycle access, allowing people to traverse directly to the boardwalk terminus for immersive landscape engagement. This intentional mobility strategy leverages motorcycles—the town's lifeline transportation—to catalyze spontaneous nature immersion, interweaving ecological appreciation into everyday life. Although the Wujiang River has always been part of this landscape, its beauty is now truly seen by the villagers for the first time.

栈桥、环形园路和植被间的汀步，不仅是慢跑散步的好去处，也为观鸟和观察昆虫提供了绝佳场所。

The network, looped trail system, and stepping-stone pathways through reed beds serve dual purposes: curated corridors for jogging/walking and strategic wildlife observation platforms (avian and entomofauna studies).

我们利用废弃的管桩，改造成多种形式的儿童游乐设施和科普装置，为邻近的桂头小学师生提供寓教于乐的自然课堂。可淹没的混凝土水榭成为露营中心和皮划艇码头，抛石驳岸则成为村民和游客垂钓、捞螺的热门地点。

Decommissioned construction pilings were upcycled into play structures and interactive environmental education stations, transforming the riverfront into an outdoor discovery lab for Guitou Primary School. Flood-adaptive concrete pavilions operate seasonally as camping hubs and kayak docks, while ecologically engineered riprap revetments have become popular spots for fishing and collecting snails.

太阳能的充分利用

Harnessing Solar Energy

公园驿站和栈桥的设计中采用了太阳能技术。光伏板形成连续的屋面，其起伏的形态呼应着武江水波的韵律。光伏板的角度经过精确计算，调整为17度朝南，以实现全年太阳能接收效率最优化，为公园提供清洁能源。

Solar technology is seamlessly embedded within the design of the park's architectures and boardwalk. Photovoltaic panels form a continuous roof, their undulating shapes echoing the ripples of the Wujiang River. The panels are precisely angled at 17 degrees southward to maximize solar energy absorption, providing clean energy for the park.

结语

Epilogue

桂头镇湿地公园的设计源于对自然的深切尊重。这片洪泛湿地一直以来都仿佛是被隐藏的自然秘境，未曾有机会成为一个让人们探索自然之美的场所。通过这次改造，我们试图在保留原有生态特点的基础上，融入适度的人工干预，创造一个与自然和谐共生的公共空间。公园不仅是一个观赏风景的地方，更是一个让人们重新发现自然、感知自然变化的场所。在这里，人造物与自然的界限被模糊，人与自然的关系被重新定义。我们希望通过这个公园，让更多人感受到自然的诗意与美，也让桂头镇的生态文明得以延续和升华。

The design of Guitou Town Wetland Park stems from a profound reverence for nature’s legacy. This floodplain wetland, long overlooked as a natural sanctuary, now transforms into a living observatory where ecological processes become tangible. Through calibrated interventions, we preserved site-specific ecologies while weaving infrastructure that amplifies nature’s agency—a public realm where engineered and organic systems coalesce. The park is not merely a place to enjoy scenery but also a space for people to rediscover and perceive the changes in nature. Here, the boundaries between human-made structures and nature are blurred, redefining the relationship between humans and the environment. We aspire for this landscape to perpetuate Guitou’s ecological ethos, ensuring nature’s poetic intelligence endures as collective heritage.

设计图纸 ▽

完整项目信息

项目名称：桂头镇湿地公园（桂头镇街文化公园）

地理位置：广东省韶关市乳源瑶族自治县

占地面积：34000平方米

项目时间：2022年—2023年

业主：万科集团

设计方：有限设计工作室

设计团队成员：陆嘉鸿、薛轶文、莫羚卉子、彭谭、庹魁、朱明星

设计管理：万科城市研究院

项目经理：李聪毅、王峥、裴雨霏

设计管理团队：罗家学、曹伟、张可泯、黄卓琪

施工图：中航国润（深圳）建筑科技发展有限公司

施工方：中建八局南方建设有限公司&铁汉生态环境股份有限公司

工程管理：万堃工程咨询

艺术装置：深源科技文化（深圳）有限公司

照明顾问：上海添羽照明设计有限公司

展示及标识深化设计合作：深圳市上行线设计有限公司

项目摄影：有限设计工作室、木贼、余天辰

视频版权：有限设计工作室

版权声明：本文由有限设计工作室授权发布。欢迎转发，禁止以有方编辑版本转载。

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